Exhibition vs. Scrimmage: What’s the Difference?

Exhibitions in the NAIA

Definition of an Exhibition – link to NAIA bylaws

An exhibition is defined as competition against competitors not identified with the institution, provided all of the following apply:

  1. The competition does not meet the definition of a scrimmage.
  2. The competition is noted as an Exhibition on the institutional schedule.
  3. The competition is against a non-NAIA opponent.
  • Exhibition contests count toward a team’s frequency of play (FOP) limits.
  • They do not count for team statistics, win/loss records, or coaching records.
  • They will count toward a student’s 20% participation threshold (Season of Competition rule).
  • Each NAIA institution is generally limited to one exhibition per season, with the exception of basketball (see below).

Difference Between an Exhibition and a Scrimmage

ExhibitionScrimmage
Competition against non-NAIA opponents.Competition against competitors not identified with the institution. NAIA teams are permissible.
Must be listed on the institutional schedule as an Exhibition.Excluded from online schedule, or, if listed, must be noted as a Scrimmage on the institutional schedule.
Scores/stats may exist, but they do not count toward NAIA stats or records.No scores or statistics can be reported (not even on websites or social media).
Counts toward a team’s FOP limit and a student’s 20% rule.Counts toward FOP limit but does not charge a season of competition by itself.
Generally, one per season (sport-specific exceptions apply).Sports have defined limits (e.g., two additional scrimmages beyond varsity limits; some sports prohibit scrimmages entirely).

Exhibitions and Scrimmages in Basketball

Basketball has a special application of the exhibition/scrimmage rules:

  • Multiple exhibitions are permitted in basketball.
  • However, the combined total of games, exhibitions, and scrimmages cannot exceed 30 contests.
  • Exhibitions in basketball do not count as varsity games, which makes them distinct from other sports.
  • Importantly, while exhibitions do not count toward the 28-contest team limit, they do count toward an individual student’s 20% participation limit for season-of-competition purposes.

Key Contrast with Scrimmages in Basketball:

  • Scrimmages (with no stats reported) are permitted within standard limits.
  • Like exhibitions, scrimmages also do not count as varsity games.
  • Both exhibitions and scrimmages reduce pressure on frequency of play counts, but only exhibitions allow for stat-tracked play against outside opponents, whereas scrimmages must remain stat-free.